Leaders and Leading Men of the Indian Territory, vol. 1 provides brief histories of the Choctaw and Chickasaw nations, including their laws, customs, and religious beliefs, as well as biographical sketches of noteworthy individuals of each tribe. It is illustrated throughout with portrait photographs and other images. The stated goal of this publication, by the author H. F. O’Beirne, is to “serve as a strong protest against any undue action on the part of the United States to deprive these people of a country which they purchased and paid for, and which is theirs by treaty as long as ‘grass grows and water runs.'”